REQ-SOC-002: Multi-Factor Authentication

Overview

Purpose: MFA implementation and enforcement
TSC Reference: CC6.1 - Logical and Physical Access Controls
Category: security, authentication
Priority: High
Framework: SOC 2

Description

Establishes multi-factor authentication requirements for all user access to systems containing sensitive data or performing critical functions.

Acceptance Criteria

Feature: Multi-Factor Authentication System Validation
  As a security auditor
  I want to validate MFA implementation
  So that I can verify SOC 2 security control compliance

  Background:
    Given a multi-factor authentication system is implemented
    And SOC 2 compliance is required
    And MFA validation testing is being conducted

  Scenario: MFA Enforcement Validation
    Given MFA policies are configured
    When user authentication is tested
    And access attempts are monitored
    And policy enforcement is verified
    Then MFA shall be required for all privileged accounts
    And MFA shall be enforced for sensitive system access
    And MFA bypass shall not be possible without proper authorization

  Scenario: Authentication Factor Validation
    Given multiple authentication factors are implemented
    When factor types are verified
    And factor independence is tested
    And factor security is assessed
    Then at least two different factor types shall be required
    And factors shall be independent of each other
    And factors shall meet security strength requirements

  Scenario: MFA System Reliability Validation
    Given MFA system availability requirements exist
    When system uptime is measured
    And backup authentication methods are tested
    And recovery procedures are verified
    Then MFA system shall meet availability requirements
    And backup authentication methods shall be available
    And MFA system recovery shall be tested and documented

Technical Context

Implementation Requirements

• MFA Policy: Comprehensive policy defining MFA requirements and scope
• Authentication Factors: Implementation of multiple independent authentication factors
• Factor Types: Support for knowledge, possession, and inherence factors
• Policy Enforcement: Technical controls to enforce MFA requirements
• Backup Methods: Alternative authentication methods for system failures
• Monitoring System: Continuous monitoring of MFA effectiveness and usage

System Architecture

interface MultiFactorAuthSystem {
  authenticationPolicy: MFAPolicy;
  factorProviders: AuthenticationFactor[];
  policyEnforcement: PolicyEnforcementEngine;
  backupMethods: BackupAuthMethod[];
  monitoringSystem: AuthenticationMonitoring;
  auditTrail: AuthenticationAuditTrail;
}

interface AuthenticationFactor {
  factorId: string;
  factorType: FactorType;
  provider: AuthProvider;
  securityLevel: SecurityLevel;
  configuration: FactorConfiguration;
  status: FactorStatus;
}

enum FactorType {
  KNOWLEDGE = 'knowledge', // Something you know (password, PIN)
  POSSESSION = 'possession', // Something you have (token, phone)
  INHERENCE = 'inherence', // Something you are (biometric)
}

interface MFAPolicy {
  scope: PolicyScope[];
  requiredFactors: number;
  factorTypes: FactorType[];
  exemptions: PolicyExemption[];
  enforcementRules: EnforcementRule[];
}

Validation Strategy

1. Policy Compliance: Verify MFA policy implementation and enforcement
2. Factor Security: Validate authentication factor security and independence
3. System Integration: Test MFA integration with all relevant systems
4. Reliability Testing: Verify MFA system availability and backup methods
5. User Experience: Assess MFA usability and support processes

Testing Strategy

Security Testing

• Authentication factor bypass attempts
• MFA system penetration testing
• Session management security validation
• Credential theft and replay attack testing

Functional Testing

• MFA enrollment and configuration workflows
• Authentication factor validation processes
• Backup authentication method testing
• System integration and compatibility testing

Reliability Testing

• MFA system availability and performance testing
• Failover and recovery procedure validation
• Load testing under peak usage conditions
• Disaster recovery testing for MFA systems

Implementation Notes

Prerequisites

• Identity and access management system implementation
• Authentication factor selection and procurement
• MFA policy development and approval
• User training and communication programs

Dependencies

• Access Control Policies (REQ-SOC-001)
• Privileged Access Management (REQ-SOC-003)
• Security Monitoring (REQ-SOC-006)
• Incident Response (REQ-SOC-010)

Constraints

• Must comply with SOC 2 Trust Service Criteria CC6.1
• Must support business continuity requirements
• Must balance security with user experience
• Must integrate with existing authentication systems

Compliance Evidence

Required Documentation

• Multi-Factor Authentication Policy and Standards
• Authentication factor selection and security assessment
• MFA system design and configuration documentation
• User enrollment and training procedures
• Backup authentication method procedures
• MFA system monitoring and alerting configuration

Audit Trail

• MFA policy approval and revision records
• Authentication factor configuration and change records
• User enrollment and training completion records
• MFA authentication success and failure logs
• System availability and performance monitoring records

Related Requirements

• REQ-SOC-001: Access Control Policies
• REQ-SOC-003: Privileged Access Management
• REQ-SOC-006: Security Monitoring
• REQ-SOC-013: Authority Verification

Note: Individual requirement template files are generated when using sc init --framework=soc2

Usage Examples

CLI Commands

# Generate this requirement
sc req new --template=REQ-SOC-002 --title="Multi-Factor Authentication"

# Validate MFA implementation
sc req validate REQ-SOC-002 --framework=soc2

# Test MFA system effectiveness
sc soc2 test-mfa --requirement=REQ-SOC-002 --comprehensive

Implementation Example

// MFA system validation
const soc2Validator = new SOC2Validator();
const mfaSystem = await loadMFASystem();

const mfaResult = await soc2Validator.validateMFA(mfaSystem, {
  requirement: 'REQ-SOC-002',
  testPolicyEnforcement: true,
  testFactorSecurity: true,
  testSystemReliability: true,
  validateBackupMethods: true,
});

if (mfaResult.isCompliant) {
  console.log('MFA system compliant with SOC 2 requirements');
} else {
  console.log('MFA implementation issues:', mfaResult.issues);
}